the present paper studies hedges in persian academic papers. hedging has an important role in academic discourse; in fact it is a device expressing a writer's degree of certainty or doubt about a proposition. in this study, a collection of 114 academic papers (57 papers in the field of chemistry and 57 papers in the field of persian literature) have been analyzed. the results show that the...

Writing research papers and books as well as publishing in scientific journals are very important in universities’ scientific promotion. They have a veto-like role in promotion procedure. Reaching high level in academic procedure is valuable, provided that scientific activities reach the highest points and, above all, can be used in solving each country’s internal problems. Here, by papers, I ...

Development of science and academic knowledge has led to changes in academic language and transfer of information and knowledge. In this regard, the present study is an attempt to investigate lexico-grammaticality in academic abstracts and their full research papers in Linguistics, Chemistry and Electrical engineering papers published during 1991-2015 in academic journals from a diachronic pers...

Background: Planning for the decrease of scientific misconducts among students requires the recognition of subjects and relevant cases. The aim of the current study is determining the categories of scientific immorality among university students and categorizing them. Method: The current study is in the category of descriptive studies and data gathering is done using the systematic review meth...